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For centuries, plants have been regarded as passive creatures. Their development is thought to be predetermined, with only temporary interruptions in response to stress.

Because plants lack obvious visible movement, they seem to be bereft of behaviour and intelligence.

But Anthony Trewavas explores the complexity of plant behaviour and argues that if intelligence is defined as adaptively variable behaviour during the life of the individual, then plants are indeed ‘intelligent’ forms of life.

Reference: Nature 415, 841 (2002)

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