Rice paddies synergise with fish farming

[DHAKA] By combining aquaculture with wet paddy farming in its coastal areas Bangladesh can meet food security and climate change issues, says a new report.  

"The carrying capacities of these additional lands and waters, when fully utilised, can increase food production and economic growth," says Nesar Ahmed, author of the report published online last month (28 January) in Ocean & Coastal Management.

Ahmed, a researcher in fisheries management at the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, told SciDev.Net that there was a "vital link between prawn and shrimp farming in coastal Bangladesh and a 'green economy' that addresses the current environmental and economic crisis."

Md Enamul Hoq, senior scientist at the Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, agrees that the blue-green revolution "not only holds out huge economic benefits but also solves the growing climate change crisis."

"Aquaculture enhances soil fertility from fish waste discharge and contributes to pest control as several fish varieties feed on insects that harm crops," Hoq said.

Bangladesh's coastal aquaculture sector, which is dominated by export-oriented freshwater prawn and saline water shrimp farming, is already making a significant contribution to economic growth.

Ahmed's report shows that if prawn farming is expanded to 2.83 million hectares of seasonally inundated crop land, Bangladesh would earn an additional US$ 9.4 billion annually.

Similarly, if rice farming is also extended to the entire seasonally-inundated crop fields, an additional 1.58 million tonnes of rice could be produced annually.

According to Niamul Naser, professor of zoology at the University of Dhaka, freshwater shrimp cultivation in the Barind (north-western Bangladesh) has withstood extreme weather conditions in recent years.

Nazrul Islam, former director of information at the ministry of agriculture, told SciDev.Net that "combining rice and fish farming is the answer to climate change problems, particularly in the coastal areas where saline water intrusion has been phenomenal."

Link to abstract in Ocean & Coastal Management: