Many commentators believe that all clinical-trial participants must receive a level of care equivalent to the world’s best.

But, using HIV/AIDS research as an example, Jack Killen and colleagues show how this ‘Uniform Care Requirement’ can undermine biomedical research aimed at improving global health.

Differences in research among developed and developing countries do not necessarily imply lower ethical standards or exploitation, they say.

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Reference: Nature Reviews Immunology 2, 210 (2002)