Entrepreneurial initiatives to provide vital jobs must adjust to the tough enterprise environment or risk underperforming, says Athar Osama.

A successful model for making more out of physics for development is ready to roll out to others, writes Dipali Bhatt-Chauhan.

Despite some success in science, Pakistan underachieves because it lacks structures for commercial innovation, says Athar Osama.

Implementation of the Rio+20 outcome must account for changes in the global innovation landscape, says tech policy expert Ahmed Abdel-Latif.

Evidence of impact shows that libraries can be local hubs for community development, says communication specialist Jean Fairbairn.

Islamic countries need to shake up their scientific establishments to commercialise technology and promote innovation, says Athar Osama.

Building a community of innovation scholars will promote locally relevant research and policy, say Bitrina Diyamett and Erika Kraemer-Mbula.

Building a knowledge society in the Islamic World requires structural change — not fads and symbolism, argues Athar Osama.

Farming projects must be able to access research at any point along the innovation trajectory, say Rasheed Sulaiman V. and colleagues.

New models of intellectual property rights are needed to protect — and promote — local knowledge and innovations, says Anil Gupta.

The Muslim world and donors should use nongovernmental networks to nurture the dormant seeds of entrepreneurship, says Athar Osama.

Pakistan’s universities need to have academic freedom to excel, rather than churn out fake research papers, says Pervez Hoodbhoy.

R&D funds levied on business must build organisations that offer short-term benefits through a clear strategy, says Athar Osama.

South Sudan's prosperity depends on more public universities serving more students — and focussing on S&T, not humanities, says John A. Akec.

English may be the language of science, but students learn better and contribute more when taught in their local tongue, says Giovanni Tapang.

Some Muslim countries' powerful financial incentives to make quick progress in research could backfire, cautions Athar Osama.

The online encyclopaedia can fill a resource gap for students, policymakers and the public, say Samuel A. Assefa and Alex Bateman.

Arab Spring revolutionaries turning to governance must adopt knowledge and innovation as barometers for progress, says Athar Osama.

Princess Sumaya bint El Hassan of Jordan discusses how global cooperation on science can benefit a knowledge-hungry world.