Definitions have been adapted from three main sources: Cordis (ECC), the Frascati Manual (FM) and the Oslo Manual (OM), with thanks to the providers.
Developing countries are increasingly recognising the importance of science in developing their economies, and the challenges that entails.
Experimental or theoretical investigation undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the foundations of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view (see also research and development) (FM).