Science and Development Network
News, views and information about science, technology and the developing world
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Definitions
In this section you will find a directory of terms used in the field of research ethics. Several have been reproduced from the Nuffield Council on Bioethics.
Developing countries are increasingly recognising the importance of science in developing their economies, and the challenges that entails.
R
Randomised controlled trial
An experiment in which investigators randomly allocate eligible participants into control and intervention groups to receive one or more of the interventions that are being tested. The results are assessed by comparing outcomes of the two groups. (See also control group.) [Source: Nuffield Council on Bioethics]
Research ethics committee (REC)
Research ethics committees are convened to provide independent advice to participants, researchers, funders, sponsors, employers, care organisations and professionals on the extent to which proposals for research studies comply with recognised ethical standards. The purpose of such a committee in reviewing the proposed study is to protect the dignity, rights, safety and well-being of all actual or potential research participants. In contrast to IRBs, research ethics committees are often not affiliated with the organisation conducting the research. (See also institutional review boards, ethical review.)
Respect for persons
Research ethics committees are convened to provide independent advice to participants, researchers, funders, sponsors, employers, care organisations and professionals on the extent to which proposals for research studies comply with recognised ethical standards. The purpose of such a committee in reviewing the proposed study is to protect the dignity, rights, safety and well-being of all actual or potential research participants. In contrast to IRBs, research ethics committees are often not affiliated with the organisation conducting the research. (See also institutional review boards, ethical review.)
