In this short report, the World Bank summarises the main economic impacts of both the outbreaks of avian influenza in poultry and the potential human influenza pandemic. It identifies two main categories of economic impacts: the costs of sickness or death resulting from the disease outbreaks; and the costs associated with public and private efforts to prevent the emergence or spread of the disease and to treat its effects. A list of additional resources are provided at the top right of the page, notably a speech on the same topic, delivered in November 2005, by Milan Brahmbhatt, World Bank lead economist for the East Asia and Pacific.

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