A binding international convention would facilitate a move towards more equitable access to R&D in health, according to Suerie Moon and colleagues.

Emerging resistance to artemisinin means efforts to track genetic markers and regulate the drug's use must step up, says Priya Shetty.

Trade deals are threatening generic drugs — we need new ways to incentivise affordable drug development, says health expert Daniele Dionisio.

There is a pressing need for Africa to bolster its pharmaceuticals industry, and that requires the right policy framework, argues Priya Shetty.

Improving health for the poor depends on nurturing local innovations — and learning how to deliver them, argue Abdallah Daar and Peter Singer.

The revised malaria death toll suggests a need for research into uncertainties in controlling neglected tropical diseases, says Mark Booth.

India's carefully targeted strategy against polio holds lessons for other countries, and for other diseases, argues Priya Shetty.

Encouraging demand for new and increasingly cheap interventions available now can boost health in developing countries, says Charles Kenny.

New clinical trial designs can work for testing both Western and traditional medicines, argue Liang Liu and colleagues.

Diseases, and drugs used to treat them, behave differently in men and women. Drug development needs to account for this, says Priya Shetty.

Excitement about new drug treatment for HIV prevention does not mean we should lose sight of other methods, cautions Priya Shetty.

Developing world scientists should be empowered to do their own medical genomics research, say Carlos D. Bustamante and colleagues.

Public health researchers must be sensitive to resource limitations to ensure medical innovations bring real benefits, says Takunda Matose.

Three key approaches could reduce the number of cholera cases and prevent diseases of poverty in Haiti, say experts in PLoS NTDS.

Impact studies warn that TRIPS-Plus provisions can lead to higher prices and reduced access to medicines, say Nusaraporn Kessomboon and colleagues.

Vaccination campaigns to eradicate polio must change how they engage with local communities, say Heidi J. Larson and Isaac Ghinai.

Few causes are more worthy of funding than vaccines, says Priya Shetty, and the developing world relies on GAVI getting the billions it needs.

Health research partnerships do more for development than just tackling illness, argues AIDS vaccine R&D leader Seth Berkley.

Both fake and substandard medicines threaten public health, and efforts to tackle them must put the focus on quality, says Leena Menghaney.

The Greater Mekong Subregion must build on current initiatives for a lasting response to fake and substandard drugs, says Charles Delacollette.