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Science & Innovation Policy: Innovation policy

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Definitions

Definitions have been adapted from three main sources: Cordis (ECC), the Frascati Manual (FM) and the Oslo Manual (OM), with thanks to the providers.

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L

Linear models of innovation

Over-simplified views of innovation as involving merely the transfers of specific technologies from the research base to industry, or as a process driven by demands from society. Now superseded by the 'systemic model' of innovation (ECC).

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Science at Rio+20 by iStock/RapidEye

Latest on Rio+20

We track the news on science, technology and the Rio+20 Earth Summit
African scientist studying bean disease - Flickr/CIAT International Center for Tropical Agriculture

Hard to agree

Latest from Rio+20 talks: The text is still too long and now it lacks science

From GM crops to forestry

Learn more about the challenges of feeding our growing population versus caring for our planet
Community-based fisheries, Bangladesh - Flickr/Water and Food

Research all the way

Farming projects need access to research all the way along the innovation trajectory
A mobile phone - Flickr/kiwanja

African innovation

Two North Africans have scooped the first African Innovation Prize awards

Shri Y Mangi Singh from Manipur, India invented a kouna grass mat-weaving machine - SRISTI, Ahmedabad

Protecting inventors

The knowledge and innovations created by poorer communities need new models of rights protection, argues Anil Gupta
Mrs. Chabayanzara follows podcast instructions to draw cattle vaccine, Zimbabwe - Lawrence Gudza

No local input, no impact

Pushing technology won't work without engaging poor communities, says Lawrence Gudza
Women operating foot water pump in Kenya - Flickr/waterdotorg

Grassroots ignored

Policymakers overlook grassroots innovation — but need to get it on the development agenda, says Tony Marjoram
Indian children pumping water - Flickr/pyjama

Uncovering innovation

Innovation is thriving in local communities all over the world
Flour mill on a scooter - SRISTI, Ahmedabad

Alternative innovation

Facts and figures on grassroots innovation — its champions, challenges and potential to promote sustainability
New meningitis vaccine delivered in Burkina Faso - Flickr/PATH/courtesy of WHO

Health R&D needs translation

A report looking at a decade of US health R&D funding says more effort is needed to move from lab to field

Follow the money

African universities with the right leadership can tap a growing number of rich donors, writes Linda Nordling
Carbon nanotubes - flickr_mattxb

Too much tech talk

S&T may be important, but their assessment also needs attention in Rio+20 talks